Highlights
Abstract
Introduction: The purpose of this study is to engender a language and
culture specific Smoking Stroop Test (SST) in Turkish.
Methods: The study is performed in three stages (N=334) with smokers
and non-smokers of three age groups. On the third stage, all participants
have filled STT and were administered Beck Depression Inventory. Besides,
the smokers were applied Fagerstörm Test for Nicotine Dependence, and
the elder participants were also assessed with Standardized Mini Mental
State Examination Test.
Results: In the first stage, a list comprising a total of 92 words related
and not related with smoking have been formed and in the second stage
the participants were asked to evaluate the relatedness of these words
with cigarette and smoking. As a result of this evaluation 9 related and
9 unrelated words were selected for SST. In the third stage SST was
administered to a sample of 70 participants. A 3×2×2 repeated measures
for last factor ANOVA was used to determine whether the variance in
response times depends on age, cigarette use and word type. The results
revealed that there was no significant difference among the non-smoker
participants’ response times towards related or unrelated words in all age
groups. On the other hand, the smokers in young and adult age groups
displayed longer response times towards cigarette related words. Internal
consistency and test-retest reliability analysis revealed that the test is
reliable.
Discussion: SST is a valid, reliable and original tool that can be used in
studies in Turkey.
Keywords: Smoking dependence, attentional bias, reliability and validity,
Stroop test